Christine Goeschel
A sample of an annotated bibliography entry for HCM402, using the guidelines on page 11, and addressing at least one bullet per section
Peter Pronovost, M.D., Ph.D., Dale Needham, M.D., Ph.D., Sean Berenholtz, M.D., David Sinopoli, M.P.H., M.B.A., Haitao Chu, M.D., Ph.D., Sara Cosgrove, M.D., Bryan Sexton, Ph.D., Robert Hyzy, M.D., Robert Welsh, M.D., Gary Roth, M.D., Joseph Bander, M.D., John Kepros, M.D., and Christine Goeschel, R.N., M.P.A. An Intervention to Decrease Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections in the ICU N Engl J Med 2006;355:2725-32.
This study is closely related to the previous literature, which is cited. The review of earlier work is recent and complete as of the time this article was written.
The problem statement is clear: Can catheter-related bloodstream infections occurring in the intensive care unit (ICU) be reduced using training protocols and checklists?
The hypothesis is clearly stated: catheter-related bloodstream infections occurring in the intensive care unit (ICU) will be reduced using training protocols and checklists.
Method: independent and dependent variables are clearly stated, and are, respectively, the intervention of training protocols/checklists, and the rates of catheter related bloodstream infections.
The sample was 108 hospital ICUs in Michigan that agreed to participate in the study, and of these, 103 reported data. The analysis included 1981 ICU-months of data and 375,757 catheter-days. This sample should be representative of hospitals in other states in the United States
Results and Discussion are related to the hypotheses. The median
rate of catheter-related bloodstream infection per 1000 catheter-days decreased
from 2.7 infections at baseline to 0 at 3 months after implementation of the study
intervention (P≤0.002), and the mean rate per 1000 catheter-days decreased from
7.7 at baseline to 1.4 at 16 to 18 months of follow-up (P<0.002). The regression model
showed a significant decrease in infection rates from baseline, with incidence-rate
ratios continuously decreasing from 0.62 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47 to 0.81)
at 0 to 3 months after implementation of the intervention to 0.34 (95% CI, 0.23 to
0.50) at 16 to 18 months.
The list of references was current at the time the article was written.
The report is clearly written and understandable.
