Socio-demographics
Socio-demographics features of the research population
Infection prevention is amongst the challenges faced in many healthcare institutions in the entire world. This study assessed the knowledge, practice, and associated factors aimed at reducing or preventing healthcare-acquired infections among healthcare workers. In this particular study, a total of 250 healthcare professionals were interviewed and yields a response rate of 95 percent majorities. There were many individuals i.e. 150 (60 percent) were in the age bracket of 26 to 3o years old. The majority of the respondents were from Orthodox Christianity at 72 percent of the population. A higher percentage of the individuals who participated in this study was diploma holders at 40 percent (100 participants).
Overall, based on this particular study, it is clear that the majority of healthcare providers were knowledgeable about the prevention of healthcare-acquired infections. Many of these healthcare providers were having sufficient knowledge required to make a contribution towards helping in reducing healthcare-acquired infections. This study, therefore, shows that the outcomes are in line with many other research works which have shown that healthcare providers are knowledgeable enough to help in the prevention of infection; nevertheless, the issue of controlling or preventing such infection is affected by the attitudes or the socio-demographic factors or lack of adequate resources to accomplish this mission.
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| Variable | Frequency | Percentage | |
| Age | 20 to 25 | 80 | 32% |
| 26 to 30 | 150 | 60% | |
| Over 31 years | 20 | 8% | |
| Sex | Male | 150 | 60% |
| Female | 100 | 40% | |
| Marital Status | Single | 140 | 56 % |
| Married | 110 | 44% | |
| Religion | Muslim | 30 | 12% |
| Orthodox | 180 | 72% | |
| Protestant | 40 | 16% | |
| Educational Status | Master and Above | 80 | 32 % |
| Bachelors | 70 | 28 % | |
| Diploma | 100 | 40 % | |
| Work Experience | Over five years | 170 | 68% |
| 5 to 10 years | 70 | 28% | |
| Over 10 years | 10 | 4% | |
| Profession | Physician | 30 | 12% |
| Nurse | 82 | 32.8% | |
| Midwifery | 60 | 24% | |
| Health officials | 18 | 7.2% | |
| Laboratory Technician | 40 | 16% | |
| Other healthcare providers | 20 | 8% | |
| Involved in the training | Yes | 90 | 36% |
| No | 160 | 64% | |
| There is availability of IP guideline | Yes | 100 | 40% |
| No | 150 | 60% |
Knowledge concerning the infection prevention
In this particular study, a total of 220 (88 percent) and 210 (84 percent) believed that healthcare-acquired infections are prevented using disinfection and antiseptic respectively. A total of 190 respondents (76 percent) believed that equipment requires the process of decontamination prior to the sterilization procedure. More than half of the participants (56 percent) are not well informed regarding the [preparation of 0.5 percent of chlorine solution.
| Variables | The level of knowledge | Frequency | |
| Disinfection is helpful in the prevention of the acquired infections | Ye | 220 | 88 % |
| No | 30 | 12% | |
| Antiseptic is helping in the prevention of healthcare-acquired infection | Yes | 210 | 84% |
| No | 40 | 16% | |
| The is sterilization of the equipment using chemical | Yes | 100 | 40% |
| No | 150 | 60 % | |
| There is physical sterilization of equipment through the use of heat and radiation occasionally | Yes | 70 | 28 % |
| No | 180 | 72% | |
| All pathogens are destroyed through autoclaving | Yes | 170 | 68% |
| No | 80 | 32% | |
| There is a decontamination of equipment before the sterilization process | Yes | 190 | 76% |
| No | 60 | 24% | |
| Protective devices are important when it comes to the reduction of the infections | Yes | 185 | 74% |
| No | 65 | 26% | |
| Wearing of gloves is used as a replacement of hand washing | Yes | 90 | 64% |
| No | 160 | 36% | |
| There is a preparation of o.5 percent chlorine solution | Yes | 110 | 44% |
| No | 140 | 56% | |
| There is the use of PEP for HIV after being exposed to blood | Yes | 230 | 92% |
| No | 20 | 8% |
The practice of healthcare providers in an effort to prevent healthcare-acquired infections
In this particular study, the percentages of the healthcare providers believed it was important to wash hand before starting to provide healthcare and after completion of healthcare provision were 140 (56 percent) and 200 (80 percent) respectively. There was almost equal proportional with regard to the number of respondents who said there is use of soap to wash the hands before patient care i.e. 120 (48 percent) and the individuals who believed that there was no washing of the hands after provision of healthcare services i.e. 130 (52 percent) based on the responses given by the study participants, majority of the respondents believe that there is no use of any type of protective equipment such as mask, gloves, and gowns among others. Only 42 participants (16.8) believed that there is the use of personal protective equipment.
The length of working experience is associated with the knowledge score based on the outcome of this study. According to the result of the study, healthcare providers who have been in the medical field for not less than ten years are more likely to be knowledgeable about the issues related to the prevention programs. The increase in the knowledge in relation to the number of experience is likely to be related to the increase in the number of years of practice which increases exposure to different healthcare settings. Such healthcare providers are exposed repeatedly and are becoming more experienced through interacting and taking part in working with senior healthcare providers.
