chronic kidney stones.
Kidney stones cause extreme amounts of pain. The patient I know, when she gets kidney stones, also has nausea and vomiting due to the pain caused by kidney stones. Treatment of kidney stones include treating the pain, helping the stone to pass or removing them, and preventing new stones from forming. Symptoms of kidney stones include flank pain and blood in the urine.
“The prevalence of stones in the United States is approximately 7% in women and 10% in men” (Huether &McCance, 2017, p.748). Before doing my research on kidney stones, I thought they were more prevalent in women, but men have a 3% higher chance of getting them than women. “The risk of urinary calculi formation is influenced by a number of factors, including age, sex, race, geographic location, seasonal factors, fluid intake, diet, and occupation. Most persons develop their first stone before age 50 years” (Huether &McCance, 2017, p.748).
There are many factors that influence the formations of kidney stones. People who are more active and drink plenty of water are at a decreased risk of forming kidney stones. There are also multiple types of kidney stones like calcium stones, struvite stones, and uric acid stones. Everything that happens in our bodies can be brought back to cellular function.
Huether & McCanee, 2017, p.749, stated:
Human urine contains many ions capable of precipitating from solution and forming a variety of salts. The salts from crystals that are retained grow into stones. Crystallization is the process by which crystals grow from a small nidus of nucleus to larger stones in the presence of supersaturated urine.
If doctors can pinpoint what type of kidney stone a patient is forming, they can most likely fix the problem.
References
Cunningham, P., Noble, H., Al-Modhefer, A.-K., & Walsh, I. (2016). Kidney stones:
pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. British Journal of Nursing, 25(20), 1112–1116. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.12968/bjon.2016.25.20.1112
Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis,